Casement window or door construction



. 2,620,526 E. .1. EMIG CAS EMENT WINDOW OR DOOR CONSTRUCTION March 8, 192?.

Filed Oct. 21. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 .1 In vr Edmuna' 501 7 ezwwa,

192 7 E. J. EMlG CASEMENT WINDOW OR DOOR CONSTRUCTIQN 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 21. 1926 I -vgn bar. Edm W pnll u Md/ um m w Patented Mar. 8, 192?.

UNITED STATES EDMUND J. EMIG, OI DESPLAINES, ILLINOIS.

CASEMENT WINDOW OR DOOR CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed October 21, 1926.

In its general objects my invention aims to provide a casement window or socalled French door construction which will afford a tight closure with an inwardly swinging sash or door; which will be easy to install, which. can readily be manipulated even by a woman or child, which will afford an adequate seal against dust and rain, and which will not be seriously affected by m shrinkages or by a slight twisting of the wooden parts.

l-Ieretofore, inwardly swinging sashes have been objectionable because of the diiiiculty of sealing them to prevent the entry of air, dust-and rain. On the other hand, outwardly swinging sashes have the serious disadvantage that it is difficult to clean them. My present invention aims to overcome both of these objections by providing a window sash mounting which will freely permit the sash to swing inward when unlatched, and which will dispose the lowest part of the sash outward of a part of the stool of the window frame when the sash is latched. It also provides an arrangement in which a spring will raise the sash automatically when unlatched, in which thehinges keep the sash raised while the sash is swung inwardly, and in which the hinges also guide the sash for vertical movement when it is being latched or unlatched.

Still further and also more detailed ob jects will appear from the following specification and from the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an inside elevation of a window embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged and fragmentary section taken along the line 2,2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section taken along the axis of one of the spring members employed as sash lifting devices or along the line 3 3 of Fig. l.

4 is an enlarged and fragmentary section, taken along the zigzag line 44 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is perspective View of one of the hinges, showing this as it appears when the sash is latched.

Figure 6 is a similar elevation, taken after the sash has been unlatched and raised by the spring devices to permitthe sash to be swung inwardly.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the hinge leaf fastened to the window frame.

Serial No. 143,080.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the companion leaf which is fastened to the sash.

Fig. 9 is a vertical section taken along the line 99 of Fig. 4, but drawn on a reduced scale.

In the illustrated embodiment, the frame of the window includes a side member 1 to which the swinging sash is hinged, an opposite side member 2 to which the sash 24 is latched, and a bottom member which comprises an outer sill 3 and inner stool 4. This stool projects above the sill so as to present an outwardly directed stop face 5 above the sill, as shown in Fig. 3. V

The upper face of the part of the sill adjacent to this shoulder is desirably horizontal and has the cup-shaped bodies 6 of a pair of spring devices sunk into it. Slidably fitting into each of these cups 6 is a cap 7 of inverted cup shape, which is continually urged upward by a compression spring 8 interposed between the said cap and cup. Each spring has a lifting power somewhat greater than half the weight of the complete sash of the window, and each spring is restricted as to the extent of its lifting movement by a screw .9 which extends upwardly through the bottom of the cup 6 and which is threaded into the top of the cap 7. By rotating the screw 9, this can readily be adjusted so that the head of the screw will engage the bottom of the cap 6 when the top of the cap 7 is slightlyabove the top of the stool 4, or at a height which will permit the sash to swing freely over the stool. The top 10 of the sash is spaced from the top 11 of the frame by a distance slightly greater than the height of the shoulder face 5 against which the lower part of the sash normally abuts, so as to permit this lifting of the sash.

To allow for a raising and lowering of the sash, I employ hinges each of which consists of a frame leaf 12. a sash leaf l3 and a pivoting pin 14. The two hinge leaves have adjacent parts rolled into tubular portions which aline with each other and through which the pivot pin 14 extends, and this pin desirably has heads 14 and 14 at its opposite ends. The tubularportions 13 on the sash leaf are desirably clinched tightly to the pin 14, while thetubular portions 12 on the frame leaf are left free to slide vertically on the pin to the extent permitted by cutting away parts of the said tubular leaf portions as shown in Figs. 6 to 8 inclusive.

This cutting is so arranged as to provide the frame leaf 12 with stop shoulders 15 which face outwardly of the window when that leaf is secured flatwise to the inner lateral face of the side member 1 of the frame, while the sash leaf has stop shoulders 16 which face inwardly of the window when the sash is in its closure position. hen the sash leaf is fastened to the inner face of the sash, as here illustrated, this leaf is desirably made L-shape in horizontal section, as shown in the drawings.

Pivoted on the opposite side of the sash is a latching member which includes a handle 17 rigidly connected to a latch arm 18 adjacent to this latching member I fasten a hook plate 19 to the inner lateral face of the side of the window frame, which hook plate projects inwardly from the frame as shown in Fig. 4 and presents a downwardly open slot 19 in alinement with the general plane in which the latch arm 18 can be moved by turning the handle 17. hen the handle is in the raised position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9, the latch arm is clear of the hook plate. On rotating the handle in a counterclockwise direction, the arm 18 enters the slot and engages the top of this slot, after which a continuation of the rotational move ment forces the pivot of the latching member downward, thereby lowering the sash against the pressure of the lifting sprin s 8. By suitably proportioningthe parts and by sloping the inner edge of the slot 19 as shown in Fig. 2, I can readily arrange this latching device so that it will press the bottom of the sash against the sill and will also draw the lower part of the sash against the shoulder face 5 of the stool.

hen the window is to be opened, the latching member is rotated in the opposite or clockwise direction, thereby withdrawing its latching arm from the slot in the hook member and allowing the spring members to lift the sash until the shoulders 15 and 16 on the hinge leaves clear each other and the sash clears the top of the stool 4:. This leaves the sash free to be swung inwardly about its hinges, thus making it easy to clean the outer faces of the usual glass panes 18.

By employing a latch device which presses the lower part of the sash both against the top of the sill and against the stool face 5, I easily secure a tight seal to prevent rain. snow or dust from entering. At the top of the window, I desirably provide a horizontal stop 19 of somewhat greater height than the stool face 5, which stop limits the outward swinging of the window. I also provide the sash with an upwardly projectingsealing strip 20 adapted to engage an inwardly directed face portion 21 of the top member of the frame, as shown in Fig. 2, so

as to prevent air drafts at the "top of the window, and may mount vertical stop strips 22 on the side members of the frame so as to seal the window at both sides of the sash.

When the sash open, the bottom of the curled hinge portions 16 ride on the tops of the curled hinge portions 15, so that the sash may be swung open to any desired extent and during this swinging is always raised so that it will readily clear the stool. lv'hen swung back into its normal plane, the hinge edges 16 just clear the companion hinge edge portions 15 and the lower part of the sash clears the forward shoulder face 5 of the stool. Hence these hinge portions cooperate with the said shoulder face to guide the sash when it is forced downward by turning the handle of the latching member. By arranging the latching member so that this simultaneously lowering and latching of the sash is effected by a downward pull on the handle, I make it easy for a woman or even a child to close the window. And, since the springs raise the sash, very little power is required for opening the window, namely only enough to overcome friction in the latching member and in the hinges.

However, while I have illustrated and de scribed my invention in an embodiment in which the swinging member is a window sash, this member might equally well be a door, hence I do not wish to be limited as to the use of my invention. Hence I am using the term casement window in the appended claims in the sense of either a complete window or a complete outer door, and likewise am using the term sash as denot ing either a window sash or a door. Neither do I wish to be limited to the particular details of the construction and arrangement above described, since many modifications might obviously be made without departing either from the spirit of my invention or from the appended claims. For example, I can embody the entire spring means in a single spring member.

I claim as my invention:

1. A casement window construction, comprising a frame having its stool extending above its sill, a sash normally disposed above the sill with the rear face of the lower sash portion adjacent to the forward face of the upwardly extending portion of the stool; spring means mounted on the sill and of such a strength as to raise the sash to have the bottom of the sash clear the stool; hinges interposed between a side of the frame and the sash, upon which hinges the sash is adapted to swing inwardly, the hinges being constructed to permit vertical movement of the sash with respect to the frame; and releasable means interposed between the sash and the frame for forcing the frame downward against the pressure of the spring when the sash is in its normal position.

2. A casement window construction com prising a frame having its sill provided with an upwardly projecting part which presents a vertical stop face intermediate of the edges of the sill, a sash of slightly less height than the distance from the top of the said projecting part to the bottom of the top member of the frame; one or more spring members mounted on the sill adjacent to the said vertical face, a sash normally resting on the springs and of such a weight as to be lifted by the springs; hinging connections interposed between the sash and one side of the frame, the said connections being arranged to permit an inward swinging of the sash when the sash has its bottom higher than the top of the said vertical face portion, and to permit the sash to slide downward when disposed above the spring members; and releasable means interposed between the sash and the other side of the frame for forcing the sash downwardly against the pressure of the spring members when the sash is disposed above these members.

3, A casement window construction as per claim 2, in which each spring member includes a compression spring normally socketed in the sill and an inverted cupshaped cap supported by the spring, and means for limiting the upward movement of the cap by the spring to a position in which the top of the cap is substantially flush with the top of the said vertical face portion.

4. A casement window construction as per claim 2, in which each spring member includes a cup-shaped part socketed in the sill, an inverted cup slidably fitting the bore of the cup-shaped part, a compression sprin interposed between the bottoms of the saic parts, and a screw extending slidably through the bottom of the cup-shaped part and threadedly connected to the top of the inverted cup, the screw having its head disposed below the bottom of the cup-shaped part and adapted to engage the said bottom to limit the upward movement of the cup by the spring.

A casement window construction, comprising a sash, a frame normally housing the sash and having lateral stops against which the forward face of the sash normally abuts; hinges connecting the sash to one side of the frame and arranged to permit a vertical movement of the sash when the sash engages the said stops; spring means interposed between the sill of the frame and the bottom of the sash and of greater lifting power than the weight of the sash; and depressing means interposed between the sash and the frame for lowering the sash against the resistance of the springs, the hinges having portions arranged for preventing a swinging of the sash on the hinge axis during the depressing of the sash.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, October 19th, 1926.

EDMUND J. EMIG, 

